PHP easy

Thursday, 21 February 2013

Wordpress pagination

<?php
$catname = wp_title('', false);
$wp_query = new WP_Query();
$wp_query->query('category_name='.$catname.'&showposts=5'.'&paged='.$paged);
?>

<?php while ($wp_query->have_posts()) : $wp_query->the_post(); ?>
<?php the_title(); ?>
<?php } ?>

<?php endwhile; ?>

<?php next_posts_link('&laquo; Older Entries') ?>
<?php previous_posts_link('Newer Entries &raquo;') ?>

Wordpress thumbnails

http://codex.wordpress.org/Post_Thumbnails

Post Thumbnails

Languages: English • 日本語 • (Add your language)

Post Thumbnail is a theme feature introduced with Version 2.9. It was quickly changed to Featured Image with Version 3.0. Post Thumbnail, now Featured Image, is an image that is chosen as the representative image for Posts, Pages or Custom Post Types. The display of this image is up to the theme. This is especially useful for "magazine-style" themes where each post has an image.

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Enabling Support for Post Thumbnails

Themes have to declare their support for post images before the interface for assigning these images will appear on the Edit Post and Edit Page screens. They do this by putting the following in their functions.php file:

add_theme_support( 'post-thumbnails' );

Note: To enable Post Thumbnails only for specific post types see add_theme_support()

Setting a Post Thumbnail

If your theme was successful in adding support for Post Thumbnails the "Featured Image" metabox will be visible on the on the Edit Post and Edit Page screens. If it isn't, make sure "Featured Image" is enabled in the screen options on the top right.

Featured image metabox
After clicking the "Set featured image" link follow the same steps as inserting images in Posts and Pages. But instead of the "Insert into Post" button use the "Use as featured image" link next to it, to set the Post Thumbnail.

Insert image button

Function Reference

Template Tags
`has_post_thumbnail()` `the_post_thumbnail()` `get_the_post_thumbnail()`

Other Functions
`add_image_size()` `set_post_thumbnail_size()` `get_post_thumbnail_id()`

Examples

Default Usage

// check if the post has a Post Thumbnail assigned to it.
if ( has_post_thumbnail() ) {
 the_post_thumbnail();
} 
the_content();

Note: To return the Post Thumbnail for use in your PHP code instead of displaying it, use: get_the_post_thumbnail()

Linking to Post or Larger Image

To link the Post Thumbnail to the Post permalink or a larger image see the examples in the_post_thumbnail()

Thumbnail Sizes

The default image sizes of WordPress are "thumbnail", "medium", "large" and "full" (the image you uploaded). These image sizes can be configured in the WordPress Administration Media panel under Settings > Media. This is how you use these default sizes with the_post_thumbnail():

the_post_thumbnail();                  // without parameter -> Thumbnail

the_post_thumbnail('thumbnail');       // Thumbnail (default 150px x 150px max)
the_post_thumbnail('medium');          // Medium resolution (default 300px x 300px max)
the_post_thumbnail('large');           // Large resolution (default 640px x 640px max)
the_post_thumbnail('full');            // Original image resolution (unmodified)

the_post_thumbnail( array(100,100) );  // Other resolutions

Set the Post Thumbnail Size

To be used in the current Theme's functions.php file.
Set the default Post Thumbnail size by resizing the image proportionally (that is, without distorting it):

set_post_thumbnail_size( 50, 50 ); // 50 pixels wide by 50 pixels tall, resize mode

Set the default Post Thumbnail size by cropping the image (either from the sides, or from the top and bottom):

set_post_thumbnail_size( 50, 50, true ); // 50 pixels wide by 50 pixels tall, crop mode

Add New Post Thumbnail Sizes

Example of a new Post Thumbnail size named "category-thumb".
To be used in the current Theme's functions.php file.

add_image_size( 'category-thumb', 300, 9999 ); //300 pixels wide (and unlimited height)

Here is an example of how to use this new Post Thumbnail size in theme template files.

<?php the_post_thumbnail( 'category-thumb' ); ?>

Example of functions.php

if ( function_exists( 'add_theme_support' ) ) { 
add_theme_support( 'post-thumbnails' );
set_post_thumbnail_size( 150, 150, true ); // default Post Thumbnail dimensions (cropped)

// additional image sizes
// delete the next line if you do not need additional image sizes
add_image_size( 'category-thumb', 300, 9999 ); //300 pixels wide (and unlimited height)
}

Styling Post Thumbnails

Post Thumbnails are given a class "wp-post-image". They also get a class depending on the size of the thumbnail being displayed You can style the output with these CSS selectors:

img.wp-post-image
img.attachment-thumbnail
img.attachment-medium
img.attachment-large
img.attachment-full

You can also give Post Thumbnails their own class.
Display the Post Thumbnail with a class "alignleft":

<?php the_post_thumbnail('thumbnail', array('class' => 'alignleft')); ?>

Wednesday, 20 February 2013

Query string in PHP URL's

http://ditio.net/2008/06/12/php-query-string/

PHP Query String

Greg Winiarski June 12, 2008 35 Comments

Query string plays important role in building web applications, especially if you want to make nice urls without question mark and many key, value pairs, actually it is not so easy to design application with nice urls however it is always worth doing so, because it not only looks very proffessional, such URLs are search engine friendly, which means that they will get indexed faster but also it happens that search engines have problems with indexing pages with more then 3 key=value pairs in query string.
However, one place where using nice URLs is not necessary are all kinds of admin panels, there are usually only few admins and more over admin panel never gets indexed so it doesn’t make any sense to make those URLs search engine friendly.
Query string can be accessed thru global array $_SERVER, more specific $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] is the actual variable where query string is written, this variable contains all data that is inputed after question mark in the URL. For example if we have URL which looks like this:
http://someurl.com/page.php?a=1&b=2&c=3
Then echo $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] will display: a=1&b=2&c=3, such data is no use to us, we need to parse it, or get it thru global array $_GET, in our case we could write:

echo $_GET['a'];
echo $_GET['b'];
echo $_GET['c'];

which would output:

1
2
3

Two things i have to mention here:
- i do not recommend displaying variables passed by user withut checking if they contain potentially dangerous code.
- make sure you have register_globals set to off in your ini file. If you do not have access to ini file, you can change this setting in your .htaccess file (if you have htaccess files working on your server). To do this just add following line php_flag register_globals off.
Using $_GET array to access variables from query string is pretty simple, however we would want to transform our URL to make it look like this:
http://someurl.com/1/2/3
This is very search engine friendly approach, however like always there are no roses without thorns. First problem is that $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] variable is empty now, so $_GET array is empty as well.
But first thing first, we can’t just input this URL in web browser address bar, hit enter and wait for a page to load. Probably it would end with 404 Error. To avoid this we need to create .htaccess file in the same directory as page.php file. Then open .htaccess file and write in it:

RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule .* page.php

Now all requests to directory which contains file page.php will be redirected to page.php file. Pretty simple and we can now use URL without question mark or any other unwanted signs i provided earlier (e.g. http://someurl.com/1/2/3).
So as i said earlier now our $_GET array is empty, but fortunately we can still check what the URL looks like by writing this code:

echo $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
// output /1/2/3

Well, maybe URL looks pretty search engine friendly however id does not provide a lot of info as it did earlier. Unfortunately solution to this problem is beyond the scope of this article and i will give you only few guidlines: first you need to parse URL wit explode() to get array, then it will be good to assign some keys to each of the variable, but you always need to remember who is who, do not change order of parameters in the URL.
I covered only two types passing arguments to application with query string, there are other solutions as well, but i think that this two are the most common used and are actually the best when it comes to PHP.

Monday, 18 February 2013

leaf year programme for php and jquery

<html>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.7.1.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
    //alert('readyfunciton');
    //Month value changed
    $("#MM").change(function(){
        var selectVal = $('#MM :selected').val();
        //alert(selectVal);
        if(selectVal == '2'){
            $("#DD option[value='29']").attr('hidden','hidden');
            $("#DD option[value='30']").attr('hidden','hidden');
            $("#DD option[value='31']").attr('hidden','hidden');
        }else if(selectVal == '4' || selectVal == '6' ||selectVal == '9'|| selectVal == '11'){
            $("#DD option[value='29']").removeAttr("hidden");
            $("#DD option[value='30']").removeAttr("hidden");
            $("#DD option[value='31']").attr('hidden','hidden');
        }else{
            $("#DD option[value='29']").removeAttr("hidden");
            $("#DD option[value='30']").removeAttr("hidden");
            $("#DD option[value='31']").removeAttr("hidden");
        }
    });
    $("#YYYY").change(function(){
        var yearVal = $('#YYYY :selected').val();
        var monthVal = $('#MM :selected').val();
        if( ((yearVal%4 == 0 && yearVal%100 !== 0) && monthVal == 2)|| yearVal%400 == 0)){
            $("#DD option[value='29']").removeAttr("hidden");
            $("#DD option[value='30']").attr('hidden','hidden');
            $("#DD option[value='31']").attr('hidden','hidden');

        }
    });

});
</script>
<body>
<select name="MM" id="MM">
<option>MM</option>
<?php
$MM = array('1' => 'JAN',
            '2' => 'FEB',
            '3' => 'MAR',
            '4' => 'APR',
            '5' => 'MAY',
            '6' => 'JUN',
            '7' => 'JUL',
            '8' => 'AUG',
            '9' => 'SEP',
            '10' => 'OCT',
            '11' => 'NOV',
            '12' => 'DEC');
foreach ($MM as $key => $value){
    echo '<option value ="'.$key.'">'.$value.'</option>';
}
?>
</select>
<select name="DD" id="DD">
<option>DD</option>
<?php
for ($i = 1; $i <= 31; $i++) {
    echo '<option value="'.$i.'">'.$i.'</option>';
}
?>
</select>
<select name="YYYY" id="YYYY">
<option>YYYY</option>
<?php
for ($i = 1960; $i < 2020; $i++) {
    echo '<option value="'.$i.'">'.$i.'</option>';
}
?>
</select>
</body>
</html>

Thursday, 20 December 2012

Difference between compiler and interpreter

A Compiler and Interpreter both carry out the same purpose – convert a high level language (like C, Java) instructions into the binary form which is understandable by computer hardware. They are the software used to execute the high level programs and codes to perform various tasks. Specific compilers/interpreters are designed for different high level languages. However both compiler and interpreter have the same objective but they differ in the way they accomplish their task i.e. convert high level language into machine language. Through this article we will talk about the basic working of both and distinguish the basic difference between compiler and interpreter.

Compiler

A compiler is a piece of code that translates the high level language into machine language. When a user writes a code in a high level language such as Java and wants it to execute, a specific compiler which is designed for Java is used before it will be executed. The compiler scans the entire program first and then translates it into machine code which will be executed by the computer processor and the corresponding tasks will be performed.

Shown in the figure is basic outline of the compilation process, here program written in higher level language is known as source program and the converted one is called object program.

Interpreter

Interpreters are not much different than compilers. They also convert the high level language into machine readable binary equivalents. Each time when an interpreter gets a high level language code to be executed, it converts the code into an intermediate code before converting it into the machine code. Each part of the code is interpreted and then execute separately in a sequence and an error is found in a part of the code it will stop the interpretation of the code without translating the next set of the codes.

Outlining the basic working of the interpreter the above figure shows that first a source code is converted to an intermediate form and then that is executed by the interpreter.

The main differences between compiler and interpreter are listed below:

· The interpreter takes one statement then translates it and executes it and then takes another statement. While the compiler translates the entire program in one go and then executes it.

· Compiler generates the error report after the translation of the entire page while an interpreter will stop the translation after it gets the first error.

· Compiler takes a larger amount of time in analyzing and processing the high level language code comparatively interpreter takes lesser time in the same process.

· Besides the processing and analyzing time the overall execution time of a code is faster for compiler relative to the interpreter.

In the field of computers, the instructions given by the user are normally of high level language, whereas the computer will understand the instructions only in the binary format, the language of a computer is known as machine language. The sole purpose of the compiler and interpreter is to convert the user given high level language into machine level language so as to make the computer understand and executed the users driven instruction set. “If both the interpreter and compiler are used for sole purpose then what is the significance of each, for this reason the current report if aimed at exploring the difference between a compiler and interpreter”. A compiler will translate the high level language input given by the user into the machine language, i.e. in the binary codes, whereas an interpreter also converts the high-level language into machine level language but the interpreter will initially generate an intermediate code and then convert the high level language to machine level language.

The following context doles out brief description on the differences among the compiler and interpreter

Difference between compiler and interpreter:

Even though the compiler and interpreter are used for converting the high level language to machine language, there exist few variations between the compiler in the style and functionalities in converting the languages.

Compiler is a unique program that runs the instructions that are written in a certain programming language and convert them into the machine code that a computer can understand. The interpreter just does the same work as of the compiler, but the major variation is that, it converts the high level language into an intermediate code which is executed by the processor. Normally a developer compose the instructions set by using any kind of programming language such as C, Java, Pascal, Python etc. The instruction written by the programmer is referred as the source code. The programmer must initiate the compiler or interpreter that is pertained to the language used for writing source code. Interpreter investigates and runs each line of source code in sequence, without considering the whole program at once. Nevertheless, programs shaped by compilers run greatly faster than the same instructions executed by an interpreter.

Basic differences between Compiler and Interpreter:

Compiler translates the high level instruction into machine language, but the interpreter translates the high level instruction into an intermediate code.
The compiler executes the entire program at a time, but the interpreter executes each and every line individually.
Compiler reports the list of errors that are caused during the process of execution, but the interpreter quits translating soon after finding an error, the progression of the other lines of the program will be done after refining the error.
Autonomous executable file is generated by the compiler while interpreter is compulsory for an interpreter program.

Differences on the basis of Various characteristics:

In a compiler the analyzing and processing time of the program is more, while an interpreter spends less time for the program analyzing and processing.
The resulting code of the compiler is in the form of machine code or binary format, in case of interpreter the resulting code is in the form of the intermediate code.
In case of compiler, the resulting code is executed by the computer hardware, in an interpreter; another program interprets the resulting code.
The execution of the program is fast in the compiler; in an interpreter the program execution speed is comparatively slow.

Differences on the basis of programming:

The compiler will verify syntax of program, whereas the interpreter verifies the keywords of a program.
The compiler will verify the entire program at a time, but the interpreter verifies the program concurrently in the editor.
The execution of the program in the interpreter is done line by line but the compiler executes the program on the whole.

Friday, 7 December 2012

Drupal links

http://drupal.org/node/171194

Thursday, 6 December 2012

Drupal Subject

http://www.anilsagar.com/content/drupal-7-tutorial-part-14-drupal-7-file-system-structure-explained

http://websule.com/tutorials/drupal-basics/drupal-technology-stack